After marveling and wandering about
in the spiritual world, we walked towards Shalimar Gardens nearly 300 meters way. Anyone going there would first
encounter a high red sandstone wall interrupted by small decorative kiosks.
This is a hallmark of Mughal architecture. Beside privacy and security, the
walls excluded the wildness of nature and included the tended, watered greenery
of the garden.
The Shalimar Gardens were reportedly
the best preserved Mughal
garden having survived in the last 400 years. Others in Delhi and Kashmir with
the same names were reported to be not in their original forms but much in
ruins with some patches of paintings.
Paying Rs.10 (about 12 cents), we
entered the garden. The first glimpse was awesome; a line of fountains in a
water channel stretched a long way. Unfortunately, there was no water in this
part as repair work was going in full swing to greet the spring festival only a
month away. The garden had three levels. We were on the first and the highest
level. Presumably, in old days it was reserved for the imperial ladies as it
was concealed from the view of people entering directly from the side doors on
the lower levels. (Later, the doors were closed for good and one can entre only
from the main gate).
By a leisurely walk along trees and
budding flowerbeds, we reached an arcaded pavilion which marked the end of the
upper terrace. It was entirely built with white marble. Water was flowing under
the pavilion, cascading down over a carved marble slab mimicking a waterfall
effect. In the years gone by, this pavilion was used by Moghul Emperors and
their family members to enjoy the coolness created by about 410 fountains. In
building Shalimar, Shah Jahansought to bring Kashmir down to the plains. Standing by the edge of the
pavilion, one can see the middle and lower terraces. The gardens are
surrounded by a wall with intricate fretwork or interlaced decorative designs
in geometric patterns giving an overall view of an oblong parallelogram.
In the middle terrace, there was a
magnificent water reservoir studded with fountains. Though fountains were not
working, the reservoir was filled to the brim. It was bordered by an elaborate
marble work. Alas, it was an off-season. I imagined the fountains playing,
their water mixing in the air dampening faces of the visitors, a relief in the
scorching sun. I further imagine the upcoming Shalimar Festival when the
grounds would be artistically laid out with flower beds and promenades. All
pavilions would glitter with lights and whole place would be transformed into
fairyland. Shalimar Gardens of Lahore were one of the best specimens of the art
of land-scaping introduced by the Mughals in the South Asian Sub-Continent. In
1981, Shalimar Gardens was included as a UNESCO World Heritage
Shalimar
Gardens
We enjoyed the panoramic views for
quite some time and came down to the middle terrace to explore it
further. There were lots of young school kids shouting “left and right” in
unison. Their teachers were busy in keeping them together. We moved diagonally
away from the kids to find a quiet corner. It was indeed rewarding. There was
fragrance of flowers, the sweet chirping sounds of the birds and the sunlight
sparkling in the water pools. It made the Mughal garden a complete sensual
experience.
Water falls courtesy http://image02.webshots.com
/2/6/93/9/ 185469309Sshd Jr_ph.jpg
|
After some rest, we resumed the
walk. The kids had gone away and a complete calm prevailed. At the
end of the terrace was a beautiful structure called "Sawan Bhadon"
which has been described as “a sunken tank niches on its three sides. Water
cascades down from it in sheets in front of the niches, producing the sound of
falling rain. In the olden times, small oil lamps were placed in the niches,
which reflected myriad colors, through the water. “
The garden is well stocked with
magnificent fruit trees and flowering shrubs. There are beautiful groves of
lemon and pomegranate trees.
COLORS
OF PAKISTAN
Finally, we came down to lowest
terrace which in old time had a public entrance. This was important because the
ascending hierarchy of terraces symbolized the respective social levels within
the court.
After having a blissful time under
the shade of green tree, majestic pavilions surrounded by rippling cascades, we
came out of the garden to face glare and dust of the old city.
SHAH
JAHAN, the developer of Shalimar Gardens
Literally meaning, “King of the
world, he ruled India for 30 years from 1628 to 1658. He was considered to be
one of the greatest Mughals and his reign has been called the Golden Age of
Mughals.
Mumtaz Mahal |
Shah Jahan, the Emporer |
Shah Jahan erected many splendid
monuments: Taj Mahal, Moti Masjid, Delhi Red Fort and Mosque and Shalimar
Gardens at Lahore and Delhi.
His most significant contribution is
building “Taj Mahal”, the most beautiful monument in the world. He built this
monument for his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. They were an inseparable couple,
going together everywhere on royal inspections, military expeditions and
constructions sites.
mDuring his 30-year reign, Shah Jahan had never expected that his last days would be so utterly tragic. In 1657, he fell ill and was dethroned by his son and imprisoned. When Shah Jahan was on his death-bed, he kept his eyes fixed on the Taj Mahal which was clearly visible from his place of confinement. After his death, Shah Jahan was buried there beside his dead queen, Mumtaz Mahal.
The
Mughal Dynasty
The Mughals ruled India for over 300
years from 1526 to 1857. This period was marked by a highly centralized
administration connecting the different regions. Art and architecture
flourished and many beautiful monuments were constructed. The rulers were skillful
warriors and admirers of art as well. They used the art and architecture to
express their imperial prestige
According to Milo Beach, a noted
writer over India, "This was the first time you had wealth at that level
interested in commissioning the arts, and in particular, the arts embodying and
confirming wealth," says Milo Beach
The Emperors were descendants of the
Timurids and at the height of their power
around 1700, they controlled most of the Indian Subcontinent
I remained in Lahore for another two
days and covered Tomb of Emperor Jehangeer and his wife Nur Jahn
which I would narrate later.